A nation's prosperity and well-being highly correlated with the extent and quality of education of the people. Primary education was reorganized as a prerequisite for human resources development. Education is also essential for the economic development of a country. It gives us knowledge, skills and values that contribute to personal growth on the one hand and societal development on the other. It is clear, now that without improving the base of the educational pyramid's that consists of primary education, it is impossible to achieve universalization of elementary education. The facts about the Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district regarding primary education have been elicited in this study. The study shows that the number of enrolled children (6-11 years) over a period has been on the decrease, the rate of enrollment to the corresponding age group (6-11 years) was 88.57 per cent in 1998-99 and insisted of increasing, it is decreasing at 59.87 per cent in 2007-08. Because of this the number of primary schools is also stagnant. Number of children per school has been decreasing substantially at primary level because of decrease in the enrollment rate.