The general objective of this work is to characterize the fauna and ecology of zooplanktonic populations in continental freshwater bodies of Côte d'Ivoire. Specifically, the aim is to identify the zooplanktonic populations, to study the biodiversity of zooplankton and to estimate the population parameters. The present work is subdivided into three main chapters. The first chapter deals with the generalities concerning the study environments (hydroelectric dam lakes, agropastoral dams in the North of Ivory Coast, fish ponds and rice lowlands) and the zooplankton community. The second chapter provides information on the equipment and working methods used to carry out this study. The third chapter presents the results and discussion.