This study looks at the diagnostic analysis of soil conservation systems in Haiti in recent years, in twenty communes in the Centre and Artibonite departments. It takes an objective look at the interventions carried out in these areas of the country, and proposes more appropriate developments that should lead to the sustainable management of soil resources. The methodology adopted starts with an analysis of the technical and evaluation reports of a series of soil conservation projects carried out in the areas concerned. It then compares the data from the reports with the various players involved in implementing these projects, by means of focus groups and interviews. The results of the study revealed that, at the end of the projects, farmers were returning to the traditional techniques decried by the projects, such as free-range farming and burning. These techniques are used in plots subject to anti-erosion structures to establish weeded crops in order to meet their short-term food needs.